Anatomical Terminology

The video explains anatomical terminology and how the anatomical position is used to describe the human body's structure and relationships. It discusses the importance of consistency in anatomical terms to eliminate ambiguity.

Key points include:

1. Anatomical Position:

   • The body stands with feet parallel, arms at the sides, palms forward, head facing forward, and eyes looking straight ahead.

2. Anatomical Planes:

   • Median Plane: Divides the body into right and left halves.

   • Sagittal Plane: Vertical plane parallel to the median.

   • Coronal (Frontal) Plane: Divides the body into front and back.

   • Transverse (Horizontal) Plane: Divides the body into upper and lower sections.

3. Sections:

   • Longitudinal Sections: Cut along the body's length.

   • Transverse Sections: Cross-sections for viewing internal structures.

   • Oblique Sections: Diagonal cuts between planes.

4. Terms of Location:

   • Superior/Inferior: Toward the head or feet.

   • Anterior/Posterior: In front or behind.

   • Medial/Lateral: Closer or farther from the median plane.

   • External/Internal: Further from or closer to the center.

   • Superficial/Deep: Closer or farther from the body's surface.

   • Proximal/Distal: Closer or farther from the trunk (for limbs).

5. Movement Terms:

   • Flexion/Extension: Bending or straightening a joint.

   • Abduction/Adduction: Moving away from or towards the midline.

   • Rotation: Turning around an axis.

   • Pronation/Supination: Turning the forearm or hand.

   • Elevation/Depression: Raising or lowering a part of the body.

   • Inversion/Eversion: Foot movements toward or away from the midline.

6. Laterality:

   • Unilateral: Present on one side.

   • Bilateral: Present on both sides.

   • Ipsilateral: On the same side.

   • Contralateral: On opposite sides.